Title Page

Contributor Personality Development

Prepared by:

Shah Dishant Hiteshkumar

090050111056

EC-1 (7^TH SEMESTER)

Roll No. 06

Date of Submission: - ____________________

SIGNATURE OF                                                             SIGNATURE OF

STUDENT                                                                      TEACHER

Contributor - Dr Pravin Darji

Introduction

Dr. Pravin Darji
Born	23 August,1944
Birth Place	Mahelol Dist. Lunawada
Residence	Dr. Pravin Darji Near fuwara chok Lunawada
Contact Details	02674-253925 9825356551 drpravindarji@gmail.com
Field	Literature & Social Services
Qualification	SSC-1961 1965- B.A. with Gujarati & Sanskrit 1967- M.A. 1973- Ph.D.
Occupation	1965-1967 à Professor in B.A. College, Modasa 1967 onwards à  Professor in B.A. College, Lunawada
His life at a Glance	·         Knows Gujarati, Hindi, Sanskrit, English, Bangali & Marathi languages ·         ‘ચીસ’ કાવ્યસંગ્રહ - His first published book ·         His many articles has been published in magazine “અભ્યાસ” ·         He was known as “Moving Library” because of his knowledge during his excellent student life ·         He rejected the position of THE PRINCIPAL because of his love for literature ·         Managing publication of magazine “અરવરવ” ·         He has given speeches on TV & Radio ·         He is writing articles in “શબ્દસૃષ્ટિ”
Hobbies	To enjoy various types of art such as Music, Painting, Dance etc.
Creations	Total 113 books કવિતા - ચીસ, ઉત્સેધ નિબંધ - અડખેપડખે,  લીલાં પર્ણ, ડાળ એક પંખી બે ચરિત્ર - ચંદનના વૃક્ષ સંશોધન – નિબંધ - સ્વરૂપ અને વિકાસ વિવેચન - સ્પંદ, ચર્વણા, દયારામ, પ્રત્યગ્ર, પશ્ચાત્, નવલકથા સ્વરૂપ, લલિત નિબંધ સંપાદન -  ગુજરાતી ભાષાની કેટલીક વિશિષ્ટ વાર્તાઓ, શબ્દશ્રી
Social Compliments	More than 15 awards such as વિઠ્ઠલભાઇ પટેલ સુવર્ણચંદ્રક કાકાસાહેબ કાલેલકર પારિતોષિક સંસ્કાર એવોર્ડ હરિ ૐ આશ્રમનું પારિતોષિક પદ્મશ્રી- ૨૬, જાન્યુઆરી, ૨૦૧૧

 Interview Questions

1.           Tell us something about your childhood and education.

@    I was born on 23^rd august of 1944 at village Mahelol of district Lunawada. I studied up to 7^th standard in a school of my village. The school was having very old building. But the teachers of our school were very kind and loving.

@     When I completed my primary education, the higher secondary department was introduced in our village. I joined that school. The school was facing problem of availability of permanent teachers.

@    After 9^th standard, I joined school at the Vejalpur city for further study (older matric system). Vejalpur was 8km far from Mahelol. I used a bicycle to travel from Mahelol to Vejalpur for my study. My family income was very less. To save money, I learned cycle repairing, electrical work and I did all that stuff on my own.

@    The teachers of school of Vejalpur were very kind and loving. They personally taught me and helped a lot in my studies. In this way, I completed my higher secondary education.

@    After that, I joined course of B.A. at ART College at Vejalpur. At college also I got tremendous support from my teachers. All the teachers helped a lot in my B.A. also.

@    When I was in 3^rd year of B.A., I solved all the papers of last year also. So in the last year I concentrated on writing. I learned how to write in that year. My learning during last year of B.A. has helped a lot during my journey of writing.

@    I finished B.A. with gold medal. After that I joined the same college for M.A. In M.A. also, I got a gold medal.

@     At one occasion, my principal introduced me to Mr Umashankar Joshi. When he came to know about me, he told me to do Ph.D. on ESSAY. During that time, very few writers were writing essay. I accepted his suggestion. I completed my Ph.D. in four years and my thesis on ESSAY is one of the most well-known theses in the field of literature even today.    

2.    You have written lots of books. How did you start writing? What is your inspiration source?

@    During my school days, I was a brilliant student. Teachers were very impressed with my command over languages. Many times, the essays written by me were used by the teachers as a guideline for other students.

@    When I was in 7^th standard, I wrote my first poem for a competition. After that, I kept on writing. My teachers told me to publish my creations as a book. At that time, I decided to join this field and started writing.

@    When I was in 9^th standard, I wrote a poem in English. That poem was very much appreciated by teachers. So, I can say I am in this field because of the inspiration from my teachers only. I am thankful to all my teachers for their support.

3.           Tell us about your work experience.

@    After completion of M.A., I was offered a job as a Professor by many universities. One day my father told me that you should accept job at village so that you can educate poor students of village instead of going to any city. I really felt that now it’s a time for me to work for the village. So, I joined ART College, Lunawada as a professor. I was the youngest professor in the college.

@    I was being invited for giving speech at various occasions. I gave lectures at many different places but I always gave priority to my college and my students.

@    After few years, I became a member of “The Textbook Committee” of The Gujarat Educational Board. I designed a format of textbooks of languages which was appreciated a lot by the teachers and students. I have designed textbook of “GUJARATI” language of 7^th, 9^th, 11^th and 12^th   standard of GUJARATI MEDIUM.

@    When I designed the textbook of 12^th standard, Mr Rajiv Gandhi was the prime minister of India. He was trying to change the education system of the nation. He was so much impressed by the format created by me that he ordered all the educational boards of each state to adopt that format as a format of textbook.

@    In our days, people were used to watch dramas instead of films. I also joined a committee whose task was to analyse and approve the script of dramas before performing the dramas anywhere.

@    I was also the member of NRI board and NRG board established by The Government of Gujarat. The Birla industries started “District board” and I represented Gujarat state there also.

@    During all these activities, my work of writing books was going on hand to hand with other activities. Till now I have written 113 books out of which around 15 books has been adopted as a textbook for B.A. and M.A. by various universities. Many lessons are included in textbooks of primary and secondary education of Gujarat State also.

@    I served as the chairman of “The University Book Production Board” managed by the state government for many years.

@    In 1984, I became the vice president of “The Rotary Club” and worked a lot for to help society in many ways.

4.           How did your work contribute to the welfare of the society?

@    I always believe that each and every person must work for the welfare of the society. I have always thought of the society. I think the creation of format for textbook was my best activity which may have helped lots of students.

@    When I was vice president of “The Rotary Club”, we organized lots of youth camps. The aim of such camp was to teach the values of honesty and to realise them their responsibilities towards the society.

@    When I was appointed as the chairman of “The University Book Production Board”, it was in a big financial loss. The production was halted and the students stopped getting good guide books.

@    The major problem was the scarcity of employees in the committee. Other state boards were having staff of 70 members while I had only 7 people to manage the whole work.

@    I analysed the complete situation of the board and prepared a plan to overcome the problems just in 15 days. I started publishing a monthly magazine and invited well known writers to write inspirational articles in that magazine.

@    The prices of books were around 150 INR which was very high. I decided to reduce the cost and started to find a reason of such a high cost. When I investigated about this, I found that the whole system was corrupted. Many people involved in the committee were involved in corruption. I took strict actions against them immediately.

@    I published advertisement of tender of paper in newspaper and invited all the vendors/suppliers of papers with the tender. To avoid any type of corruption and to build trusty relationships with them, I opened tenders in front of all the venders only. By applying this method, paper costed me around 250 INR compared to 600 INR earlier. In this way, finally I was able to sale the books in much less and affordable prices. I was very happy that now the students from poor family were able to purchase books at lower prices.

@    I would like to share another interesting incident of my life. One day a man showed up in my office and gave me 40,000 INR. When I asked him the reason, he told me that it was my commission for renewing the contract and they were just continuing the usual tradition. I was very surprised with this and I did not accept bribe from them.

@    I told them to give money as a donation to the committee and I decided to use that amount for some good activity. I arranged a seminar in which brilliant students and creative writers from various fields were called. With the students, we discussed about their expectations from the books. We understood their point of view and requested writers to modify their methods to meet the requirement of new generation people.

@    After this meeting, we published many inspirational books which become very popular among the youngsters at that time. In this way, I tried to provide guidance in the way they wanted.

5.           What were reactions from the society when you were appreciated by the government with “PADMSHREE AWARD”?

@    When the announcement about padmshree award was done, I was delivering a speech at one university. People gave standing ovation there. After few minutes, Mr Morarji Desai called and congratulated me.

@    After that, I had to attend so many calls that in a week I suffered from throat infection. I got lots of letters all around the world. After two weeks, I replied to all the letters individually.

@    I felt that I should also thank society for lots of love. For this, I arranged a lunch for all the people and I thanked all of them for blessing me. Without love and support from society, I could have never achieved this.  

6.           What is your message for the youngsters of our country?

@    I have found that the youth power of India has got the capabilities of changing the world. I request all the youngsters to always remember that you have gained a lot from the society. Wherever you go, keep in mind that you have to repay to the society. Work in such a way that each activity of yours, must contribute to the progress of the society.

 My Personal View On His Life

I am very much inspired by his life story. He is very kind-hearted and a humble person. His way of thinking about the life is really unique. He is strictly against the act of corruption. Whenever opportunities invited, he has never left a stone unturned to fight against corruption. He is selfless - giving priority to society instead of his personal life. His aim is to serve the society in any and every possible way. He has dedicated his life for the welfare of the society. He is dedicated and sincere towards his work. He thinks about others each and every moment, which is the best part of him.

Apart from being a great vigilant writer, as per me, he is the real contributor in our society. I will also try my best to learn and adopt his qualities in my life. I believe that if the youngsters of our country adopt his way of thinking, then our country will be developing at rocket speed.

Non-Contributor

Mohammed Ajmal Amir Kasab
Kasab in the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus during the 2008     Mumbai attacks
Born	13th September,1987
Birth Place	Faridkot, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
Age	24 Years
Motive	terrorism
Conviction(s)	Murder Conspiracy Waging war on India Possessing explosives
Penalty	Death sentence
Status	Incarcerated

  Introduction

@    Mohammed Ajmal Amir Kasab is a Pakistani militant who was involved in the 2008 Mumbai attacks in India. Kasab is the only attacker captured alive by police and is currently in Indian custody. The Government of Pakistan initially denied that Kasab was from Pakistan, but in January 2009, they officially accepted that he is a Pakistani citizen.

@   On 3 May 2010, an Indian court convicted him of murder, waging war on India, possessing explosives, and other charges. On 6 May 2010, the same trial court sentenced him to death on four counts and to a life sentence on five other counts. Kasab has been sentenced to death for attacking Mumbai and killing 166 people on 26 November 2008 along with nine terrorists. He was found guilty of 80 offences, including waging war against the nation, which is punishable by the death penalty. Kasab's death sentence was upheld by the Bombay High Court on 21 February 2011.

  Background

@    Kasab was born in Faridkot village in the Okara District of Punjab, Pakistan, to Amir Shahban Kasab and Noor Illahi. His father is a dahi-puri vendor while his elder brother, Afzal, works as a labourer in Lahore. His elder sister, Rukaiyya Husain, is married in the village.

@    A younger sister, Suraiyya, and brother, Munir, live in Faridkot with their parents. The family belongs to the Qassab community.

@    According to reports, the village of Faridkot is quite impoverished and isolated, despite being close to a larger town, Depalpur, Pakistan. On the side of a building, just outside Faridkot, graffiti in large lettering says, in Urdu, "Go for jihad. Go for jihad. “Markaz Dawat ul-Irshad” is the parent organisation of Lashkar-e-Taiba.

  Early Life

@    Kasab briefly joined his brother in Lahore and then returned to Faridkot. He left home after a fight with his father in 2005. He had asked for new clothes on Eid, but his father could not provide them, which made him angry. He then became involved in petty crime with his friend Muzaffar Lal Khan, soon moving on to armed robbery.

@    On 21 December 2007, Eid al-adha, they were in Rawalpindi trying to buy weapons when they encountered members of Jama'at-ud-Da'wah, the political wing of Lashkar-e-Taiba, distributing pamphlets. After a brief chat, they decided to sign up for training with the Lashkar-e-Taiba, ending up at their base camp, Markaz Taiba.

@    Initial reports offered a conflicting view of Kasab as fluent in English, and from a middle class background. However, an interrogator and deputy commissioner of the Mumbai Police stated that he spoke rough Hindi and barely any English.

@     Some sources said his father asked him to join Lashkar-e-Taiba so that he could use the money they gave him to run the family. When asked about this, Kasab's father told reporters, "I don't sell my sons." Villagers of Okara claimed on camera that he was at their village six months before the Mumbai attack. They said that he asked his mother to bless him as he was going for Jihad, and claimed that he demonstrated his wrestling skills to a few village boys that day.

Training

This batch of 26 went through the following stages of training:

@    Psychological: Indoctrination to Islamist propaganda, including compiled footage of Indian atrocities in Jammu & Kashmir and imagery of atrocities suffered by Muslims in India, Chechnya, Palestine and across the globe.

@    Basic Combat: Lashkar's basic combat training and terror methodology course, the Daura Aam.

@    Advanced Training: Selected to undergo advanced combat training at a camp near Mansehra, a course the organisation calls the Daura Khaas. This includes advanced weapons and explosives training supervised by retired personnel of the Pakistan Army, along with survival training and further indoctrination.

@    Commando Training: Finally, an even smaller group selected for specialised commando tactics training and marine navigation training given to the Fedayeen unit selected in order to target Mumbai. From the batch of 25, 10 were handpicked for the Mumbai mission.

@    They also received training in swimming and sailing, besides the use of high-end weapons and explosives under the supervision of LET commanders.

Involvement in 2008 Mumbai attacks

@    Kasab was captured on CCTV during his attacks at Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus along with another terrorist, Ismail Khan. Kasab reportedly told the police that they wanted to replicate the Islamabad Marriott hotel attack, and reduce the Taj Hotel to rubble, replicating the 9/11 attacks in India.

@    Kasab and his accomplice Abu Dera Ismail Khan, age 25, attacked the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) railway station. They then moved on to attack the police vehicle (a white Toyota Qualis) at Cama Hospital, in which senior Mumbai police officers (Maharashtra ATS Chief Hemant Karkare, encounter specialist Vijay Salaskar and Additional Commissioner of Mumbai Police Ashok Kamte) were travelling.

@     After killing them in a gun battle and taking two constables hostage in the Qualis, Kasab and Ismail Khan drove towards Metro cinema. Kasab joked about the bulletproof vests worn by the police and killed one constable when his mobile phone rang. They fired some shots into a crowd gathered at Metro Cinema.

@    They then drove towards Vidhan Bhavan where they fired a few more shots. Their vehicle had a tire puncture, so they stole a silver Škoda Laura and drove towards Girgaum Chowpatty.

@    Earlier, the D B Marg police had got a message from police control at about 10 pm; saying that two heavily armed men were at large after gunning down commuters at CST. 15 policemen from D B Marg were sent to Chowpatty where they set up a double barricade on Marine Drive armed with two self-loading rifles (SLRs), two revolvers and lathis (batons).

@    The Škoda reached Chowpatty and halted 40 to 50 feet from the barricade. It then reversed and tried to make a U-turn. A shootout ensued and Ismail Khan was killed.

@    Kasab lay motionless playing dead. Assistant sub-inspector Tukaram Omble, who was armed only with a lathi, was killed when the police charged the car. Omble took five bullets, but held on to Kasab's weapon, enabling his colleagues to capture him alive. A mob gathered and attacked the two terrorists. This incident was captured on video.

@    Some reports said that Ajmal Kasab was shot and had bullet wounds in his hand or both hands. There are other reports by doctors who treated him that he had no bullet wounds.

@    While it is reported that he told the police that he was trained to "kill to the last breath", when he was arrested, he pleaded with the medical staff: "I do not want to die. Put me on saline". Later, after interrogation in the hospital by the police, he said: "Now, I do not want to live", requesting the interrogators to kill him for the safety of his family in Pakistan who could be killed or tortured for his surrender to Indian police.

@    Fidayeen suicide squad terrorists are strictly instructed by Lashkar commanders not to be captured and interrogated, use aliases instead of their real names and hide their nationality. He is also quoted as saying "I have done right, I have no regrets". Reports also surfaced that the group planned to escape safely after the attack, ruling out this being a suicide mission.

@    Kasab has told interrogators that right through the fighting, the Lashkar headquarters from Karachi, Pakistan, remained in touch with the group, calling their phones through a voice-over-internet service.

@    Investigators have succeeded in reconstructing the group's journey through the Garmin GPS set that has been seized from him. The mail sent from a bogus group calling itself the Deccan Mujahideen claiming responsibility has been traced to a Russian proxy which was then traced back to Lahore with the help of the FBI. It was in fact the Lashkar-e-Taiba operating under an alternate name after being banned by U.S.

Confessions

@    Kasab was caught at Girgaum Chowpatty Naka in Mumbai trying to escape in a car and taken to the Nair hospital. According to preliminary investigations by intelligence agencies, Ajmal Kasab is from Faridkot in Pakistan and had received arms training in Pakistan.

@     Ammunition, a satellite phone and a layout plan of Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus was recovered from him. He has provided many clues to the investigation agencies and has reportedly described how they arrived at Mumbai from Karachi via Porbandar. He has reportedly said that he and other terrorists had received revolvers, AK-47s, ammunition and dried fruit from their coordinator.

@    Kasab reportedly told the police that they wanted to replicate the Marriott hotel attack in Islamabad, and reduce the Taj Hotel to rubble, replicating the 11 September attacks in US. Kasab also told Indian police that the terrorists targeted Nariman House, where the Chabad center was located, because it was frequented by Israelis, who were targeted to "avenge atrocities on Palestinians."

@    Mumbai Joint Police Commissioner of Crime, Rakesh Maria said information came out from his interview with Kasab that he is from the Faridkot village in the Okara district of Pakistan's Punjab province. He is the son of Mohammed Amir Kasab. Pakistani authorities repeatedly said there was no evidence of such a person in Pakistan. But reporters have visited the village near Deepalpur, in Okara district, and identified the parents as named by Mumbai police.

@     Villagers have confirmed that he indeed lived there. On the night of 3 December 2008, the parents were whisked away by a bearded Mullah, and since then, there was evidence of a cover-up by plainclothes police. Villagers changed their stories, and reporters who visit there are now being intimidated.

@    It is reported that Kasab told the police that he and his associate, Ismail Khan, were the ones who shot Anti-Terror Squad chief Hemant Karkare, encounter specialist Vijay Salaskar and Additional Commissioner Ashok Kamte.

@    According to the police, Kasab entered the Taj posing as a student from Mauritius and had stored explosives in one of the hotel's rooms.

In December 2009, Kasab retracted his confession in court, claiming he had come to Mumbai to act in Bollywood films and was arrested by the Mumbai police three days before the attacks.

@    He repeatedly asked the interrogators to turn the camera off and warned them he will not speak otherwise. Nonetheless the following confessions were caught on video:

@    Kasab told the interrogators "Jihad is about killing and getting killed and becoming famous." "Come, kill and die after a killing spree. By this one will become famous and will also make Allah proud," when police asked him what he understood about jihad.

@    According to the officer, Kasab spoke Pathani Hindi and told the police that he threw up the moment he saw all the blood and gore. "Kasab said that he could not bear the sight of dead bodies and after creating enough havoc wanted to go back to Pakistan," the officer said.

@    "We were told that our big brother India is so rich and we are dying of poverty and hunger. My father sells dahi-wada on a stall in Lahore and we did not even get enough food to eat from his earnings.

@    I was promised that once they knew that I was successful in my operation, they would give 150000 (around US$ 3,352), to my family," said Kasab. He shocked police through his readiness to switch loyalties now that he was apprehended. "If you give me regular meals and money I will do the same for you that I did for them," he said.

@    "When we asked whether he knew any verses from the Quran that described jihad, Kasab said he did not," police said. In fact he did not know much about Islam or its tenets," according to a police source.

 Legal issues

@    Several Indian lawyers refused to represent Kasab citing ethical concerns. A resolution was passed unanimously by the Bombay Metropolitan Magistrate Court's Bar Association, which has more than 1,000 members, saying that none of its members will defend any of the accused of the terror attacks. In December 2008, the Chief Justice of India K. G. Balakrishnan said that for a fair trial, Kasab needed to get a lawyer.

@    Kasab wrote to the Pakistani High Commission in India requesting help and legal aid. In the letter, he confirmed the nationality of himself and the nine slain terrorists as Pakistani.

@    He also asked the Pakistani High Commission to take custody of the body of fellow terrorist Ismail Khan, who was killed in an encounter in south Mumbai on the night of 26 November. Pakistani officials confirmed the receipt of the letter and were reported to be studying its details. However, no further updates were given on the matter by Pakistan.

       Charges against him and Legal actions on him

@    His conviction was based on CCTV footage showing him striding across the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus with an AK-47 and a backpack. Towards the end of December 2008, Ujjwal Nikam was appointed as Public Prosecutor for trying Kasab and in January 2009 M. L. Tahiliyani was appointed the judge for the case.

@    Indian investigators filed 11000 pages Chargesheet against Kasab on 25 February 2009. Due to the fact that the chargesheet was written in Marathi and English, Kasab had requested that an Urdu translation of the charge sheet be given to him.

@    He was charged with murder, conspiracy and waging war against India along with other crimes. His trial was originally scheduled to start on 15 April 2009 but was postponed as his lawyer; Anjali Waghmare was dismissed for a conflict of interest. It resumed on 17 April after Abbas Kazmi was assigned as his new defence counsel.

@    On 20 April the prosecution submitted a list of charges against him, including the murder of 166 people. On 6 May Kasab pleaded not guilty to 86 charges. The same month he was identified by eyewitnesses who testified witnessing his actual arrival and him firing at the victims. Later the doctors who treated him also identified him. On 2 June 2009, Kasab told the judge he now also understood Marathi.

@    In June 2009, the special court issued non-bailable warrants against 22 absconding accused including Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD) chief Hafeez Saeed and chief of operations of Lashkar-e-Taiba, Zaki-ur-Rehman Laqvi.

@     On 20 July 2009 Kasab retracted his non-guilty plea and pleaded guilty to all charges. On 18 December 2009, he retracted his guilty plea and claimed that he was framed and his confession was obtained by torture. Instead he claimed to have come to Mumbai 20 days before the attacks and was simply roaming at Juhu beach when police arrested him.

@    The trial concluded on 31 March 2010 and on 3 May the verdict was pronounced — Kasab was found guilty of murder, conspiracy, and of waging war against India. On 6 May he was sentenced to the death penalty.

@    A Bombay High Court bench, composed of Justice Ranjana Desai and Justice Ranjit More, heard Kasab's appeal against the death penalty and upheld the sentence given by the trial court in their verdict on 21 February 2011.

@    On 30 July 2011, Kasab moved to Supreme Court of India challenging his conviction and sentence in the case. Thus, a bench composed of Justice Aftab Alam and Justice Chandramouli Kr. Prasad stayed the orders of the Bombay High Court, so as to follow the due process of law, and has started hearing the matter. 

My Personal View On His Life

@    Whatever he has done in his life is really a shameless thing. He has done all the things for Jehad without knowing the real meaning of it. He is “The Killing Machine” manufactured by the Pakistan. He is so shameless that he is not guilty for his deeds. If he can proudly accept that he has killed many people without any fear of GOD than he has no right to leave in the beautiful world created by the Almighty. As per me, Kasab has attacked not only on the Mumbai but also on humanity. He must be punished severely by the Government of India.